Balaastiggu waxa uu ka kooban yahay walxo asal ahaan ka samaysan resin (ama monomers si toos ah loo polymerized inta lagu jiro farsamaynta), oo lagu daray waxyaabo lagu daro sida balaastikada, buuxinta, saliidaha, iyo midabeeyayaasha, kuwaas oo qaab ahaan loo qaabayn karo inta lagu jiro farsamaynta.
Astaamaha Muhiimka ah ee Balaastikada:
① Balaastigga badankood waa kuwo fudud oo kiimiko ahaan deggan, una adkaysta miridhka.
② Iska caabin saameyn oo aad u fiican.
③ Hufnaan wanaagsan iyo iska caabin xirasho.
④ Sifooyinka dahaarka leh oo leh kuleyl hooseeya.
⑤ Guud ahaan way fududahay in la qaabeeyo, midabeeyo, lana farsameeyo kharash yar.
⑥ Balaastigga badankood waxay leeyihiin iska caabin kulaylka oo liidata, ballaarinta kulaylka oo sareysa, waana kuwo guban kara.
⑦ Xasillooni darro cabbireed, oo u nugul isbeddelka.
⑧ Balaastig badan ayaa muujiya waxqabad heerkul hooseeya oo liita, iyagoo noqda kuwo jilicsan xaaladaha qabowga.
⑨ U nugul gabowga.
⑩ Balaastigyada qaar si fudud ayay ugu milmaan dareereyaasha.
Xabagta FenolicWaxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa codsiyada FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastic) ee u baahan sifooyinka FST (Dab, Qiiq, iyo Sun). Iyadoo ay jiraan xaddidaadyo gaar ah (gaar ahaan jajabnaanta), resins phenolic weli waa qayb weyn oo ka mid ah resins ganacsi, iyadoo la soo saaro sannadlaha ah ee adduunka oo dhan oo ku dhow 6 milyan oo tan. Resins phenolic waxay bixiyaan xasillooni cabbireed oo aad u fiican iyo iska caabin kiimiko, iyagoo ilaalinaya xasilloonida heerkulka 150-180°C. Sifooyinkan, oo ay weheliso faa'iidada waxqabadkooda kharashka, waxay kiciyaan isticmaalkooda joogtada ah ee alaabada FRP. Codsiyada caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah qaybaha gudaha ee diyaaradaha, dahaarka xamuulka, gudaha baabuurta tareenka, shabagyada iyo tuubooyinka saliidda badda, walxaha tunnelka, walxaha is-jiidjiidka, dahaarka gantaalka, iyo alaabada kale ee la xiriira FST.
Noocyada Isku-dhafka Fenolic-ka ee Fiber-ku Xoojiyay
Isku-darka phenolic-ka ee fiber-ka lagu xoojiyaywaxaa ka mid ah agab lagu xoojiyay fiilooyinka la jarjaray, dharka, iyo fiilooyinka joogtada ah. Fiilooyinka hore loo jarjaray (tusaale ahaan, alwaax, cellulose) ayaa wali loo isticmaalaa isku-dhafka qaabaynta phenolic si loogu isticmaalo adeegyo kala duwan, gaar ahaan qaybaha baabuurta sida daboolka bamka biyaha iyo qaybaha is-jiidjiidka. Isku-dhafka qaabaynta phenolic-ga casriga ah wuxuu ka kooban yahay fiilooyinka galaaska, fiilooyinka birta ah, ama dhawaanahan, fiilooyinka kaarboon. Fiilooyinka phenolic-ga ee loo isticmaalo isku-dhafka qaabaynta waa resin novolac, oo lagu daaweeyay hexamethylenetetramine.
Alaabada dharka ee hore loo sii shubay waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan, sida RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), qaab-dhismeedka sandwich-ka malabka, ilaalinta balliga, muraayadaha gudaha diyaaradaha, iyo dahaarka xamuulka. Badeecadaha joogtada ah ee fiber-ka lagu xoojiyay waxaa lagu sameeyaa wareegga fiilooyinka ama pultrusion. Dharka iyo isku-dhafka joogtada ahisku-darka fiber-ka lagu xoojiyayBadanaa waxay isticmaalaan resins phenolic resole-milmi kara biyaha ama dareeraha. Marka laga reebo resole phenolics, nidaamyada kale ee phenolic ee la xiriira - sida benzoxazines, cyanate esters, iyo resin Calidur™ ee cusub ee la sameeyay - ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa FRP.
Benzoxazine waa nooc cusub oo resin phenolic ah. Si ka duwan phenolics-ka dhaqameed, halkaas oo qaybaha molecular-ka lagu xidho buundooyinka methylene [-CH₂-], benzoxazines waxay sameeyaan qaab-dhismeed wareeg ah. Benzoxazines si fudud ayaa looga soo saaraa walxaha phenolic (bisphenol ama novolac), amines-ka aasaasiga ah, iyo formaldehyde. Polymerization-kooda furitaanka giraanta ma soo saaraan wax soo saar ama isbeddello, taasoo kor u qaadaysa xasilloonida cabbirka ee badeecada kama dambaysta ah. Marka lagu daro kulaylka sare iyo iska caabbinta ololka, resins-ka benzoxazine waxay muujiyaan sifooyin ka maqan phenolics-ka dhaqameed, sida nuugista qoyaanka oo hooseeya iyo waxqabadka dielectric ee deggan.
Calidur™ waa resin thermosetting polyarylether amide ah oo jiil cusub ah, hal qayb ka mid ah, oo heerkulka qolka deggan oo ay samaysay Evonik Degussa oo u samaysay warshadaha hawada iyo elektarooniga. Resin-kan wuxuu ku bogsadaa 140°C 2 saacadood gudahood, iyadoo heerkul wareeg ah oo galaas ah (Tg) uu yahay 195°C. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Calidur™ wuxuu muujinayaa faa'iidooyin badan oo ku saabsan isku-dhafka waxqabadka sare leh: ma jiraan wax qiiqa kacsan, falcelinta kuleylka oo hooseeya iyo yaraanta inta lagu jiro bogsashada, xoog kuleyl iyo qoyan oo sarreeya, cadaadis isku-dhafan oo sarreeya iyo xoog xiirto, iyo adkeysi aad u fiican. Resin-kan cusub wuxuu u adeegaa sidii beddel kharash-ool ah oo loogu talagalay resins-ka Tg-da dhexe ilaa sare ee epoxy, bismaleemide, iyo cyanate ester ee hawada sare, gaadiidka, baabuurta, korontada/elektarooniga, iyo codsiyada kale ee baahida leh.
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-24-2025
